ways+of+knowledge

THE SENSE PERCEPTION CHART: place., we ordered some dish, it smelt heavenly but my whole idea changed when I tasted the dish. ||
 * SENSE: || SUCCESS: || FAILURE: ||
 * Smell || When you go shopping for greens and you have to shop for herds with particular smell and you r able to distinguish that herb from the others easily. || We went to this new restaurant near my aunts
 * Sight || We were late for our doctor’s appointment and my dad could not fine his keys, I thought I say them beside the music system, and I was right. || My mom and I were walking on this busy street, I thought I saw my friend so I quietly went behind her and all of a sudden I held her shoulders and shouted her name, and I was holding a complete stranger. ||
 * taste || We had a couple of guests for diner my mom was preparing a really good dish for them and she asked my to taste it and I found out that there was no salt in the food. || If a food critic whole likes spicy food tastes this, which is not supposed to be spicy, and writes that the dish tasted horrible. ||
 * Touch || When there is a lot of stuff on the table and you pick up just want you want by feeling that thing. || When there are a couple of stuff on top of a bed sheet and instead of picking up the cloth on the sheet you pull the sheet it self all the stuff fall off when doing that. ||
 * Hear || We were at the mall and I was lost I thought I heard my friends voice when I turned back it was her. || My dad was coming in early that morning and I thought I heard him but I was wrong it was my brother. ||

The constitution of a living organism. -the living organism consists of cells, muscles, bones.

How does this constitution determine, influence or limit perception? - the living organisms cannot perceive the same thing and this is due to the constitution of the organism, for example an owl can see in the dark where as a human cannot.

Is the organism sensitive to a certain range of stimuli? - yes every organism is sensitive to a range of stimuli for example a dog or dolphin can hear sounds of very high frequency which humans cannot here.

What are the consequences for knowledge acquisition based on the limitation of our acquisition ability? (limited range of stimuli, etc.. above) - once people learn that we are not able to perceive certain things they create other alternatives for example, we are not able to see in the dark so we invented the night goggles.

Technology: How does it extend or modify (limit?) our senses - and therefore abilities? -technology has limited our perception to a limit like for example before the industrial revolution everything was hand made, lets take a chair there were no two chair which were the same each and every chair was unique and it was nothing but pure art, but now since everything is done by machines we have lost our perception of art.

Perception
What are the primary ways in which we know the world around us?

Are there stages to perception?
Here are some recognized stages. Define them and find examples:  -filtering  -halo and horn effect  -organizing  -stereotyping <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -filling in information <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -interpretation

Perceptual Illusions
<span style="color: #a952f7; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Is your perception always accurate? Provide examples of when it is trustworthy, and when it might not be. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ANS: no perceptions are not always accurate. for example, i see someone in the mall i am positive it is my friend, i havent met my friend in years. this could get me excited and i would go near her and catch hold of her only to realize that person is not me friend. even though i was so sure it was her, i just perceived that is was her. i did not see that persons face and so i cannot depend on my trustworthy.

<span style="color: #a952f7; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Are people’s perceptions the same? How do you know this? Does this invalidate your or another person’s experience? <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ANS: no, different people may not perceive the same thing. in my family i am the only one who likes flavored yogurt, both my parents are allergic to yogurt and my brother does not even like the smell. but i am perfectly fine with yogurt. my friend and i would always have an argument when ever we go to a petrol station, i love the smell of petrol and she hates it .!

<span style="color: #a952f7; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Why might mis-perceptions occur? <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ANS: well i think mis-perceptions occur because our of our minds, for example someone drops some cereal in a bowl and i am an m&m lover to me the sound of the cereal may sound like the sound of m&m. and when i mentioned before about holding the wrong person as my friend, I was excited that i (thought) i saw my friend and i did not consider the possibility that it was not her. so i think perception is what our mind tells us, sometimes when we are hasty mis- perception takes place.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Selectivity of Perception
<span style="color: #a952f7; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">How do we validate our perceptions? Do we ignore some and rely more heavily on others? Why? <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ANS: we can validate our perceptions by actually investigating into the things we perceive. for example, you perceive a particular dish by its smell but to investigate it is to go to the kitchen look at it and taste it. we sure can ignore some methods example: asking a atheist if god existed? or asking an IT person what their opinion was on Jjimoh Buraimoh or Jim dine(artists) works. we rely on others heavily because we believe that, that person or that thing for, that it cannot fail us. example, in history, many historians tell us that history itself is based on perception and lies that most if it is made up but this does not stop people from becoming aware and reading about history, books and movies on history are based on perception but we mostly rely only on certain books and authors like the book prescribed for schooling can be reliable at it was scrutinized by renowned authors, while articles written by certain news papers can be deceiving if the goal of the news paper is to make money and not provide correct details. people who can differentiate between this kind of manipulative works would obviously ignore some perceptions and rely heavily on others. = = <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> What things might affect how you interpret your perceptions? Is this selectivity conscious or unconscious?

<span style="color: #a952f7; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Can you provide reasons why people perceive things differently? Explain <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> people can perceive things differently because they have been doing that particular thing over and over again that they got used to it or they have been around that thing for such a long time that it has become a part of their life. for Example: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">for touch: if i were given a piece of paper that had a braille system on it and if i were asked to read it i would not be able to but a person who cannot see will be able to read it instantly, this is because he is used to reading that kind of writing. it is practice that helped him perceive in reading the right words. for smell: if i were to go to a party with my friend, then she will be able to smell my perfume and i will be able to smell hers but we both wont be able to smell our own( after some time) this is because we get used to the smell and hence cannot perceive the smell of our own perfume.

Seeing and Believing
<span style="color: #a952f7; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">What do you create from your perceptions? <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">i create a kind of self belief at what i perceive, for example i made myself believe that the person i saw was my friend i missed her since i dint see her for a very long time so i immediatly made myself believe it was her even though i dint even see that person completely.

In this case, one could ask, what belief or models affect our perception?

<span style="color: #8700ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">I <span style="color: #a952f7; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">f you left the planet and had to explain to an alien what life was like on our planet, what would you say? What might be some of the problems associated with your perceptions? What things would you highlight, what would you not highlight and why? How would you explain that you knew your description was the truth? Provide examples. <span style="color: #060408; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> - life a very complicated and difficult thing to understand. people interpret life the way they have seen it and lived it. if i was to explain life on earth to an alien i can explain it in the only way iv seen it, which is: Life is a the most beautiful thing or rather feeling one can experience on earth, it is the perfect blend of sadness or joy or anger or love etc. it is also a group of varied organisms ranging from single celled amoebas to multi-celled whales living on the face of the earth in a very carefully balanced environment. it also consists experiences from your day to day life that may have a lasting effect on our lives then they can be said to become a part of it. for example i was pushed into the water when i did not know how to swim and i almost drowned this created a lasting effect on my life that i am scared of the water. <span style="color: #060408; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">as i said before every person perceives life differently from the rest of us like for example i am a teenager and my parents have made life as rosy and painless as possible so i perceive life as a very beautiful thing but another kid my age and less fortunate who has to work physically challenging jobs find life as nothing but a burden, which is completely contrast to my beliefs. <span style="color: #060408; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">i would most probably highlight the beautiful sights found on earth like the sun rise and sun set, like the blue sky and oceans, like the tropical rain forests etc. i would not highlight the more gruesome things like the wars, the terrorism, the poverty, the hunger, etc. this is the common nature on humans, for example i'm from India, its is a known fact that nearly 70% of the population is under the poverty line, when i meet my friends who have never been to India and very keen to learn about it i would obviously paint a beautiful picture in their heads and to do this i will tell them the good stuff about India and simply hide the poverty, hunger, child labor etc.

**The nature of emotions**
<span style="color: #9d5ae5; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">What is the underlying nature of our emotions? <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">instinctive feeling- chemical and influenced by by our environment. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">Common <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">- it is an instinctive feeling, caused due to the change of events.it arises from our heart, it is the unconscious expression of exactly how we feel inside. when our face displays our emotions that originate from the heart, the crunching of the face when we are angry or the tears when we are sad. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">Uncommon <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">- Emotions are the partnership of mind and heart,they are produced when our brain perceives a particular situation and the heart relates the emotion, they mix to help us remain calm, collected, sane, in control. For example, if we were not using our minds to control our emotions,we wold all the time break down. Although at time we allow our mind to control our heart too much, and end up lying to ourselves. For example, when we are trying to get over someone we like, our minds tell our hearts we are over them, but we soon realize we need to let our heart feel without the thought. usually emotion has a connection to the physical reaction in our body like for example: i sweat when i'm nervous i start salivating when i see some tasty food etc

<span style="color: #7334cd; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">When you feel an emotion, how do you know you are feeling that way? Can you explain why you are having this emotion? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">common <span style="color: #0a0116; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">: we usually have physical symptoms when we are feeling an emotion, for example when i am scared about something i can feel my heart beat accelerating when i am nervous my palms become all sweaty etc. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">uncommon: <span style="color: #0a0116; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> there is most of the time an outward change in our appearance and we can relate our body to a computer program when we don't do our homework its kind of like an automatic thing when our heart beat accelerates our palms sweat and our mind keeps on going about the consequences these are bound to happen like it was written down in a rule book. for example i am sad for something that happened in school, then there would be a change in my face i would most probably be a lot quieter than you usual, i my eyes would most probably turn red i most probably will get a running nose my heart will feel a lot heavier etc.

<span style="color: #7334cd; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Describe the process by which you develop an emotion. In what ways do we describe emotions through language? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">common : there must be some kind of reason of an emotion to arise, then our mind pondered on that situation, funny thing human nature when something bad or unfortunate happens insted pf tring to come up with solutions or trying to console oneself our mind things or the many other bad things that can happen as consequences, this develops on the emotion makes it more deep and extreme. for example when a person loses as arm or a leg in an unfortunate accident obviously he is depressed but when he thinks about how his future was going to be affected by his loss makes the situation even worse. and when use language to express how we feel for example when someone is angry he will use inappropriate words to express his or her anger when someone is happy there would be a new tone in the way that person talks, trying to be polite and nice to everyone. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">uncommon: emotion originates form a perception a perticular situation or perticular person or the mood of the sourrounding. these perceptions are interpreted by the brain to emit emotions accordingly for example, the situation is that my grandmother died, obviously im sad. i come from a tried day after school and my mom is in a bad mood, and she takes off her anger at me, this would spark anger from my side too. when i am sitting at a party everyone is having the time of their lives laughin and talking. i would adapt myself to the environment to be happy and gleeful. one way of taking out anger is writing down and reasoning with youself as to why you were angry, this expresses language on paper, and my emotions affect me moods which in turn affect the way i talk to others ans the way i behave.

<span style="color: #7334cd; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Can you reason about emotions? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">common : i dont think that emotions can be reasoned with, all the time some days i just wake up in the morning and find myself happy for an unexplainable reason. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">uncommon : i believe that emotions rise because of a reason but at the same time not all emotions can be reasonablly explained for example i was annoyed because my friends started calling me names, there is a reason to this and an emotion but sometimes like when i see some one i hate i dont really know the person but for some reason when ever i look at her/him i get this urge to go and punch her or when i see this kid and i for an instance want to go and pinch his cheeks.

<span style="color: #7334cd; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">What things influence your emotions? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">common : reason and feeling influence the emotions of a person to a very large extent. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">uncommon : surroundings, situations, mood, memories, movies, pictures, friends and families are some of the important things that influence emotion for example i am happy at a perty because the people surrounding me at the party are happy, i am sad when someone dies, i get angry when my mom is in a bad mood and takes out her anger on me, i tend to cry when i think of the past when somethings were really good and that i miss them, people ofter cry in sentimental movies maybe because they can relate to it. <span style="color: #7334cd; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Are controlling emotions a good or a bad thing? Explain with examples. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">common : controlling emotions is a bad thing, suppressing a particular thought or feeling inside oneself can build up and lead to psychological trauma for example if i am angry about somthing a person does or decides and i dnt express how i feel later on for every possible thing that i am not happy with (in respect to that person) is going to pile up on the first time i hid my emotion, an it will keep on piling up finally creating so much anger against that particular person that would be impossible to remove. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">uncommon: controlling ones emotions have a both good and bad consequence. the good part is that for example my aunt who dosent have a very good taste of the kind of clothes i like and gets me clothes for my birthday and i dont like them but i showed her my emotions or feelins towards the dress then there is a ver high possiblity that my aunt and i wont share the close relationship as before and that is something i will not lose over a dress. but suppressing ones emotions is a very dangerous thing for example there was this man and when he was a kid his foster parents beat him up, molested him and tortured him this obviously made him angry but her could not express it but as the years passed by the anger kept building up unlit one day he was walking down a street and saw a kid who reminded him of himslef when he was a kid, the next couple of days he watched that kid and one day abducted him when he was on his way home, beat him up tortured him just had he was tortured. <span style="color: #7334cd; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">How do emotions change as you get older? Why does this happen? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">common: as we grow up we are most probably to forget they small things, one reason this happens is because our priorities change for example when we are kids we used cry for candy and chocolates but as we grow up we cry for them, when we were small the chocolates and the candy were the at tho top of the priority shelf but as we grow big they are replace by more significant things like in school we cry when we don't fair well in academics at high school and collage we cry maybe for relationships etc. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">uncommon : emotions can take two different path as we grow old we can either forget about the insignificant details or it may build up like the pressure that builds up in a volcano over the years before it erupts. for example when i was 6 i would not like the fact that my sister was getting all the attention of my birthday that was the beginning of hatred, then i was in high school i would not like the fact that my sister has a very cute boyfriend then i would not like the fact that she gets very pretty clothes for a wedding, then i would not like her for she is more beautiful than me and the list can build up and the bottom line is that i hate my sister( this is fiction) for all those reasons mentioned above thus the family has split.

<span style="color: #7334cd; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;"> Are emotions influenced by culture? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">common : no culture does not play a very important role in emotions. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">uncommon : i think culture plays a very important role in emotions. for example there was a riot in India a conflict between the Hindus and Muslims. during this time a lot of idols of hindu gods were broken his stirred up emotions of sadness, hatred and anger as the Hindu culture was dis trotted.

REASON: an inductive reasoning is derived from a experience and then later we come to a conclusion of a common idea for example : if i was walking down a hall way and i saw a painting which had a lot of pink color and had a lot of flowers my first instinct would be to think that a girl a painted it, because girls are more associated with pink color. a deductive reasoning is a conclusion or a common idea that is derived from experience for example if i went to my friends house and they had a dog and the dog does not bite me, the next day i go to another friends house who also has a dog which does not bite me, the third day i go to a third friends house and they also have a dog which does not bite me. this is my experience and i draw the conclusion that pet dogs do not bite.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Georgia,serif;">What are inductive and deductive processes of reasoning? What is informal reasoning? [] **

reasoning can be used to produce knowledge about specific things and somethings in general, it all depends on the situation. when we refer to specific then we are usually referring it to a person or a group of people for example when i think about or refer to the choir, then the common interest there is that they all like to sing, so if someone came and told me that they liked to sing then my instinct would be to tell them to join the choir. but if i am reasoning for something general then i am referring to a common interest for a really large group like the entire nationality or boys etc. for example if i had a Chinese friend and she says someone else is pretty because she has big eyes, another Chinese friend tells me the same person is beautiful for the same reason and a third person tell the same thing to me for the same reason, then i come to the conclusion that all Chinese people like people with large eyes. or if i have ten brothers and all of them are really bad at maintaining their room, my general idea would be that all boys are bad at organizing
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Is reasoning done to produce knowledge about something specific, or something in general? How is this done? Provide examples of each. **

i think as a 16 year old my judging is mostly deductive, as kids we were trained to believe certain things like fire would burn your skin etc and once we realized that is true we have the nature to believe most of parents tell us and then as we grow we may realize that some things are not true and then this is where our own experience plays a role. as the years pass we learn more and more things through our experience and the things thought to us when we were young play a very small role .. so it isinductive in nature.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Georgia,serif;">What role does time play in judging the truth value of your reasoning, whether inductive or deductive? **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1.Two true premises, and a true conclusion <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">sugar is sweet <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">tea has sugar <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">tea is sweet. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">3.One true premise, one false premise, and a true conclusion <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">i have a lot of homework <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">i dont have time for myself <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">all people who have a lot of work have very little time for themselves <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 4.One true premise, one false premise and a false conclusion <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">all slots are slow <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">all babies are slow <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">all babies are slots. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 3.Two false premises and a true conclusion <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">war is peace <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">peace is slavery <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">war is slavery. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">4.Two false premises and a false conclusion <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">all boys have short hair <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">all sisters has short hair all sister are boys


 * Induvidual: group: universal: **


 * Butterfly: **

Pinto. Biology insect


 * trees: **

apples paper and wood forests


 * natural light: **

spectrum solar energy vision.

<span style="color: #a952f7; font-family: Georgia,serif;">does language change?how, when and why?
1. it changes when we talk to our teachers where we are formal and when we talk to our friends where we use slang. 2. when we write the language in a different script like i write something in hindi language but in english script. 3. it changes with relationships for example if i said 'i love you' to a friend he/she is just goina take like a joke but when i say it to some random person he/she is going to take it seriously. 4. it depends on the time and change of place, i tend to use words according to the place i go. 5. when i am chatting with my friends i use short words which mean he same thing for example r instead or are, or u instead of you. 6. i would be considered cool when i use certain words in my language. 7. within a group of friends they have a certain way or code for talking, this ultimately affects the way he talks. 8.there is a change due to technology for example, a flash is replaced by a USB. 9. there is some influence by the elders for example i would want to be like my elder sister and there for would walk and talk just like her therefore affecting ,my personal style.this language is considered to be extinct. people use short language to make it easier and faster.

**<span style="color: #b02e6a; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; margin-top: 0cm;">1.Identify a topic or situation. Is this idea clearly true, or false, or where between the two? **
this idea is true in all aspects of everyday life, the language has changed from generation to generation. for example the ancient Egyptian scrip is almost extinct and people recognize it as a form of art and most people do not recognize the language. and also in the present life when families migrate from place to place the style of talking differs from parent to child this is majorly due to the change in the environment.

**<span style="color: #b02e6a; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; margin-top: 0cm;">2.What makes it so certain or uncertain? (or almost certainly true or false) **
it is somewhere in between and mostly towards the true side, all around us people are changing due to many factors but there are still some people who cling on to their past culture and do not really change. for example even though some kids i know was born and brought up and lived their entire lives in a different country, they still cling on to their culture where they converse in their traditional language so thus language not really changing.

**<span style="color: #b02e6a; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; margin-top: 0cm;">3.How important is it? What makes it important? (important or not so important) **
yes it is important, language defines a large part of your background it defines your culture and your family. for example the language used by a prison inmate defines the kind of language he/she uses, there would be a very significant change in the language used by him, this would be of very large help to the investigating officer.

david. bilal, abdulrahman.

 * When written, words can be interpreted to have any intention behind the words. (this interpretation can be guided and restricted in context though)
 * Words in context, or dialogue provides a different meaning to the literal word
 * When speaking, emotions can be incorporated into our words (via, volume, speed, tone)
 * The interpretation of words can be non-literal or hinting when (Sarcasm or 'playful' voice like Bilal's)
 * Spelling and Capitalisation on paper has different meanings (Thnx vs Thank you) (March vs march)
 * Fonts suggests different meanings (Italic, bold, font size)
 * The words coming out of different mouths have different weight (instructions or commands from teachers vs children)
 * Many people have accents, this accent when speaking the written words provide a lot more information

alyssa, dana, rami and zhara.
Is there a difference between the written word and speaking or dialogue? Provide examples. SATURN
 * 1) Content makes a difference
 * 2) You can incorporate emotions into words
 * 3) Words have different meanings (literal/figurative)
 * 4) The method of how words are expressed (Tone/Volume)
 * 5) Fonts reflect different styles (bold, italics, small, big)
 * 6) Spelling and Capitalization - (Thanks vs. Thnx) (march vs. March)
 * 7) Different cultures may have different meanings to specific words

I s language play? In what ways? Provide examples. PLUS SUNS

-Language is the way we convey our perception, emotion and reason (P.E.R) to other people. -Individuals have their own language P.E.R. -“Hang on”, someone could wait or jump on you. -“I’m going to kill you!!”, the person saying it is either angry or a serial killer. -All words can be used as play or plain communication. -There is a difference between written and spoken. -Verbal language tends to be more playful while sign language is usually used as plain communication.